B. Floor and litter
E 7: Design of floors
Chicken house flooring must allow for effective cleansing and disinfection, preventing a significant build-up of parasites and other pathogens. Concrete floors are preferable to earthen floors because they can be more effectively cleaned and disinfected.
E 8: Concrete floors
a. When internal house floors are concrete they must be of a solid, smooth, hard construction.
b. There must be no significant cracks in the floor (any cracks must be adequately repaired).
E 9: Litter
The floor of all houses must be completely covered in litter. Chickens must have access to the litter area at all times. The litter must:
1. Be of a suitable material and particle size;
2. Be of good quality (clean, dry, dust-free, and absorbent);
3. Be managed to maintain it in a dry, friable condition;
4. Be of a sufficient depth for dilution of feces;
5. Allow birds to dust bathe; and
6. Be skimmed and topped up as necessary with fresh litter.
E 10: Prohibited Housing
Housing in cages, or on wire or slatted floors, is not permitted.
E 11: Litter storage
Fresh litter must be stored indoors in a clean vermin proof area.
E 12: Contaminated litter
a. Litter that is wet, infested with mites, or otherwise contaminated must not be introduced into chicken housing.
b. Wet or caked litter must be replaced promptly.
E 13: Understanding the importance of litter
a. Growers must be aware of the welfare problems associated with poor litter management.
b. Growers must understand the factors that affect litter condition e.g. moisture, nitrogen content, ventilation and stocking density, and caking or slipperiness.