Horses in the wild do eat some grain (i.e. the mature seedheads of grasses -- that is what grain *is*), just not nearly as much as most show horses do and not, of course, all year round.
Plenty of people *don't* feed their horses grain; but OTOH if a horse is in really heavy work it is not usually possible to provide sufficient calories/condition just from hay/grazing, so for people *using* their horses it may not be a choice to go totally grain free
Mad cow disease has NOTHING WHATSOEVER IN ANY WAY to do with neurological rhinovirus. Not even remotely. Except it affects an animal's nervous system but then so does mercury poisoning or a hard whack to the skull.
EHV is one of about a bazillion herpesviruses in the world, pretty much all mammals have their own suite of 'em affecting 'em and some are more crosstransmissible than others. Each one comes in many many variants. Respiratory rhinovirus in horses is not generally a big deal, and there are always some of these neurological strains floating around, it's just that occasionally the wrong set of circumstances comes together (usually involving big shows or race meets) and there is a bit of an outbreak.
These nationwide outbreaks of neurological rhino never used to happen much because hardly anyone trucked their horses all over creation. You'd have the problem in one horse, or maybe a barn or two, and then it'd disappear and that'd be it. Now however (in the last fifty years or so), with soooo much movement of horses all the time, there are many more opportunities for the strain to sometimes break into a more widespread epidemic. It is not a feature of the virus, it is mainly a feature of the *circumstances*.
While it might make sense to suppose that show horses who spend so much time being trucked all around to shows everywhere have higher stress levels and depressed immune systems, my impression of the ACTUAL STUDY EVIDENCE I've seen is that the evidence is mixed and the situation is not nearly as simple as one might suppose. But if SOMEthing is depressing show horses' immune systems to make them more vulnerable to contagious diseases -- and I am not aware of any good evidence that's the case -- it seems to me that the circumstances of their lives are at least as obvious a "suspect" as their diet.
I don't grain my own horses, btw; but then, they're not in work, either
Pat