I had a little grow house in Wyoming. It was only 4x8 and 4 feet tall and had a 8" deep raised bed inside. The sides were panels that come off for access. The initial idea was to use it with plastic on the panels for spring and fall to extend the 60 day growing season, and then just have wire panels to keep the critters out during the summer. I never took off the plastic panels and had great luck growing stuff.
I saved up a bunch of plastic bottles and painted them flat black. Filled them with water and put the lid back on. Then I place them on the south side of the raised bed, still inside the growhouse, and buried them in pea-gravel covering the bottom 2 inches. It was amazing how much heat that little growhouse gathered during the winter. I hauled warm water out every week to water it and keep the spinach alive. I would get a nice steam facial opening the panel when it was cold out.
All that to say, you will be amazed at how much heat those buckets will gather. The only problem you may have is if the buckets are too small, they may run out of heat before the night is over.
The botanical garden in Cheyenne uses passive solar to heat their greenhouses. Passive solar being barrels of water along the front and back walls of the greenhouse.